Week 1 day 1: reading wisely

本书的电子版下载,排版有些问题,但是不伤大雅,注意,有两个版本,尽管都是第七版的:几本英语词汇书 - #9 by Tristan
第七版在线测试:Barron's 1100 Words You Need to Know

The youngster who reads voraciously, though indiscriminately, does not necessarily gain in
wisdom over the teenager who is more selective in his reading choices. A student who has read
the life story of every eminent athlete of the twentieth century, or one who has steeped herself in
every social-protest novel she can get her hands on, may very well be learning all there is to
know in a narrow area. But books are replete with so many wonders that it is often discouraging
to see bright young people limit their own experiences.

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Voracious

词性:adj.
音标: [vəˈreɪʃəs]
释义:贪婪的,贪吃的,如饥似渴的,狼吞虎咽的

Voracious is an adjective used to describe a wolflike appetite. It might be a craving for food or for something else, such as power, but the word usually denotes an unflattering greediness.

Voracious comes from the Latin vorāre, “to devour.” The word is usually associated with swallowing or devouring food in a ravenous manner, but it can be used of someone intensely involved in any activity. Pierre Salinger referred to President Kennedy as a “voracious reader,” while Robert Bakker once likened the IRS to a “voracious, small-minded predator.”


She’s a voracious reader.


I think my voracious reading came from a deep longing for something that was missing.


They’re feeding at their highest level, their most voracious appetites.


I Iove to read. I’m a voracious reader.

discriminate

词性:vt. vi.
音标:[dɪˈskrɪmɪneɪt]
释义:辨别,区别,歧视

When you discriminate between two things, you can tell the difference between them and can tell them apart.

The ability to discriminate between similar objects is important. For example, if you want to be a good root farmer, it helps if you can discriminate between a turnip and a parsnip. However, some people take it too far and discriminate against other people, treating them differently based on their physical characteristics or abilities. To be able to discriminate between a turnip and a radish is good, but to discriminate against people is not.


We shouldn’t discriminate against gays.


The virus doesn’t discriminate.


Love doesn’t discriminate.


I sure hate being discriminated against.


Can you imagine in this day and age being discriminated against?

eminent

词性:adj.
音标: [ˈemɪnənt]
释义:杰出的,著名的,卓越的,显著的

Anyone highly regarded or prominent is eminent. Eminent people are very successful at their jobs. If you’ve heard of Neil deGrasse Tyson, it’s probably because he’s an eminent astrophysicist.

Every field has eminent — impressive, famous, or accomplished — people. Two of the most eminent coaches in the history of professional basketball are Red Auerbach and Phil Jackson because they’ve won the most championships. Beethoven was an eminent musician. Frank Lloyd Wright was an eminent architect. Eminent people loom over a field because they’re influential and you can’t avoid hearing about them. It’s not easy to be eminent because you have to be extremely successful.


I’m not sure if you’re saying imminent or eminent.


He’s got it all. You know what eminent domain is? 强制土地征用


A man becomes pre-eminent, he’s expected to have enthusiasms.


Then you’ll invoke eminent domain.


Hey, Dan Darwell told me that you were eminently qualified.


Uh, the contract you sent me is eminently fair, but for one tiny shortcoming… the money.

Steep

词性:adj. v.
音标: [stiːp]
释义:陡峭的,突然的,过分的;浸泡

Steep means sharply angled. When hiking trails lead straight up mountainsides, they’ve got a steep incline. Steep also means “to soak in,” as in steeping a tea bag in boiling water.

You often hear steep used as an adjective to describe cliffs, hills, or even water park slides that have a perilous slope. Steep can apply to curves on a chart––you might say when someone who has a lot to learn that their learning curve is going to be steep. Steep also comes up to describe exorbitant changes in costs or spending. Everyone would love to travel more, but sometimes plane fare is too steep.


That’s a steep rise in thirty seconds.


Your life is steeped in blood and violence.


Some of you here have your hands steeped in blood.

Replete

词性:adj.
音标:[rɪˈplit]
释义:充满的,装满的

Replete means full, often in a satisfying way. “The library was replete with bound first editions, and Lucy, a bookworm, was happier there than any place else.”

Replete shares a root with the word plenty. When you have plenty of cookies and cake, you can say your table is replete with goodies. Another cousin of replete is replenish. When your cabinets are bare, you go to the store to replenish them. When you unpack your groceries, your pantry is replete with essentials.


So I had arrived in South America, my head replete with the matters of Europe.


History is replete with turning points, Lieutenant.

短语学习:

to eat humble pie—to admit your error and apologize
After his candidate had lost the election, the boastful campaign manager had to eat
humble pie.

To eat humble pie, in common usage, is to face humiliation and subsequently apologize for a serious mistake. Humble pie, or umble pie, is also a term for a variety of pastries based on medieval meat pies.

The expression derives from umble pie, a pie filled with chopped or minced offal, especially of deer but often other meats. Umble evolved from numble (after the Middle French nombles), meaning “deer’s innards”.

Although “umbles” and the modern word “humble” are etymologically unrelated, each word has appeared with and without the initial “h” after the Middle Ages until the 19th century. Since the sound “h” is dropped in many dialects, the phrase was hypercorrected as “humble pie”. While “umble” is now gone from the language, the phrase remains, carrying the fossilized word as an idiom.


you’re gonna be eating a humble pie.

eat humble pie其实指的是一个人犯错了,不得不道歉,中文就是 “认错、道歉、忍气吞声”。

humble是个形容词,意思是 “谦卑的”,但实际上,这个俚语中的humble一词是umbles这个词的讹化。 umbles的意思是 鹿的肝脏、内脏,umble pie就是由鹿的心脏、肝脏和肠做成的馅饼,是仆人和猎人们的餐食,而主人和贵客们则享用更为可口的鹿肉。因为umble pie的食用者身份卑微,因此催生出eat humble pie的现代意义,即 某人因做错了事而赔礼道歉或表现得谦卑恭敬

@Chatbot 你是一个英语教学的大师,你会用通俗易懂的方式给学生讲解各类英语知识,现在请你给我解释下上面帖子中我着重讲解的单词,介绍下这些单词在正式文书和口语中的各类含义,各举几个地道,自然的例子。介绍下这些单词的来历,以及我如何才能记住这些单词呢?

当然,@Tristan!让我来为你详细讲解这些单词并给你提供一些记忆窍门和例句。

1. Voracious

词性:形容词
音标: [vəˈreɪʃəs]
释义:贪婪的,贪吃的,如饥似渴的,狼吞虎咽的

Voracious用于描述某人对食物或某事物的极度渴望。这个词源自拉丁语中的vorare,意思是“吞噬”。

例句

  • 正式文书:The scientist’s voracious appetite for knowledge led her to read extensively on various topics. (那位科学家对知识的强烈渴望使她广泛阅读各种主题的书籍)
  • 口语:He’s a voracious reader, always having a book in his hand. (他是个贪婪的读者,总是手里拿着一本书)

记忆窍门
想象一个人狼吞虎咽地吃饭,或者时时刻刻手里拿着书,一副贪婪的样子。

2. Discriminate

词性:动词
音标:[dɪˈskrɪmɪneɪt]
释义:辨别,区别,歧视

这个词有两个主要含义:一是辨别或区分,两件类似的东西(积极的);二是基于某些特点对人进行歧视(负面的)。

例句

  • 正式文书:Effective leaders discriminate between helpful criticism and baseless complaints. (有效的领导者能够区分有帮助的批评和无根据的抱怨)
  • 口语:It’s not okay to discriminate against someone because of their race. (因为种族歧视别人是不对的)

记忆窍门
把“discriminate”中的“dis”和“criminal”联系起来,后部分变化为“ate”,想象一个区别对待的场景。

3. Eminent

词性:形容词
音标:[ˈemɪnənt]
释义:杰出的,著名的,卓越的,显著的

Eminent指一种在某个领域内非常成功或者著名的状态,通常用于形容人。

例句

  • 正式文书:The eminent professor’s research has significantly advanced the field of neuroscience.(这位杰出教授的研究显著推动了神经科学领域的发展)
  • 口语:Neil deGrasse Tyson is an eminent astrophysicist.(尼尔·德格拉斯·泰森是一位杰出的天体物理学家)

记忆窍门
想象一些著名的(eminent)人物,他们在自己的领域中很出名,就像高高在上的山峰(eminent mountain)。

4. Steep

词性:形容词 & 动词
音标:[stiːp]
释义:陡峭的,突然的,过分的;浸泡

在名词形式下,steep描述的是急剧的倾斜或陡峭。在动词形式下,它指的是将某物浸泡于液体中。

例句

  • 正式文书:The investment resulted in a steep increase in profits.(这项投资导致利润大幅上升)
  • 口语:You have to steep the tea for a few minutes to get the best flavor.(你需要把茶泡几分钟,以获得最佳口味)

记忆窍门
想象一个非常陡峭的山坡,你可能会为了不掉下去而“浸泡”在汗水里。

5. Replete

词性:形容词
音标:[rɪˈpliːt]
释义:充满的,装满的

Replete常用来形容某物充满或装满了某些东西,通常是让人满意的方式。

例句

  • 正式文书:The documentary was replete with stunning visuals and informative content.(这部纪录片充满了惊人的画面和翔实的内容)
  • 口语:Her house is replete with books on every subject.(她的房子里满是关于各种主题的书)

记忆窍门
想象一个装满东西的柜子或容器(replete with items),或者吃到饱胀的肚子。

6. 短语**:to eat humble pie**

释义:承认错误并道歉

这个短语来自“umble pie”,一种用动物内脏做成的饼,常被低地位的人食用,因此衍生出承认错误后道歉的现代含义。

例句

  • 正式文书:After the negative report, the CEO had to eat humble pie and address the concerns of the shareholders.(在负面报告之后,CEO不得不承认错误并解决股东的担忧)
  • 口语:After he was proved wrong, he had to eat humble pie and apologize to everyone.(在他被证明错了之后,他不得不承认错误并向大家道歉)

记忆窍门
想象一个人吃着低劣的食物(umble pie),因为他们认识到自己的错误并需要道歉。

希望这些解释和记忆窍门能帮助你更好地理解和记住这些单词!