词性：adj.
音标： [ˈpɛnɪtəns]
释义： remorse for your past conduct
Everyone makes mistakes, but not everyone feels bad about it afterward, and if you’re someone who has regretted something you did, that sorrowful feeling was penitence.
Penitence shares the same Latin root as the verb repent, which means “to express regret.” It’s also connected to the word penitentiary, another word for prison. Sometimes penitence is so painful you might think you deserve to be in prison. The good news is that unless you committed a serious crime, you can probably apologize and that display of penitence is usually enough for forgiveness. Be careful: although the last half sounds like tense, it’s actually spelled with a c.
But her penitence is real
A time of sincere penitence.
Though we cannot know Armande Voizin’s last thoughts… we can hope they were thoughts of penitence.
@Chatbot 你是一个英语教学的大师，你会用通俗易懂的方式给学生讲解各类英语知识，现在请你给我解释下上面帖子中我着重讲解的单词，介绍下这些单词在正式文书和口语中的各类含义，各举几个地道，自然的例子。介绍下这些单词的来历，以及我如何才能记住这些单词呢？
当然，能够帮助你学习英语是我的荣幸。我们来详解一下词 “penitence”，也就是你重点讲解的单词。
词性和发音：
- 词性：名词 (noun)
- 音标：/ˈpɛnɪtəns/
释义：
Penitence 指的是对于过去行为的悔恨或内疚的情感，尤其是因为知道所做的事情是错误的。它强调的是承认错误后的内心自责和愿意改正的心态。
正式文书中的用法：
在正式文书中，penitence 通常用来表达深刻的悔悟，多用于书信、演讲或正式声明中。例如：
- “The criminal showed signs of genuine penitence during the hearing.”
- “Her letter was filled with penitence for the mistakes she had made.”
- “In a note of penitence, he wrote about his desire to make amends.”
口语中的用法：
Penitence 也可以在日常口语中使用，但稍显正式，通常可以在一些较为严肃的对话中听到。例如：
- “He expressed his penitence for the harm he caused.”
- “There’s a certain level of penitence required to truly mend relationships.”
- “She wore a look of penitence after realizing her mistake.”
相关词汇和词源：
Penitence 与 repent (悔改) 来源相同，都是来自拉丁词 root paenitentia （意为“后悔，痛悔”）。这些词都与道歉或者修正行为有很强的关联。Penitentiary (监狱) 也是由这个词源而来，意为一个让罪犯表达悔过的地方。
记忆技巧：
- 联想词：把 penitence 和repent 联想在一起，它们意义相近且共享相同的拉丁根源。
- 图像记忆：记住单词时可以联想一下监狱（penitentiary），因为它们都与惩罚和悔罪有关。
- 句子练习：多用例句来加深印象，例如在你心里默念或写几遍：“His penitence was evident in his sincere apology.”
希望以上解释对你学习和记住这个单词有所帮助。继续保持对英语的兴趣和热情，相信你能掌握更多的词汇！