Strain

英语词汇
1

词性：n. v.
音标： [streɪn]
释义： 压力，重负; 拉力，张力; 拉伤，扭伤; 个性特点; 品系，品种,（动植物的）株系; 类型；品质；个性特点，禀性; （尤指金钱）过多使用

拉伤，损伤; 尽力; 使不堪承受，使紧张; 拉紧; 过滤

The noun strain is a stretch, effort, or exertion. You can strain your ankle, or your little brother can strain your patience.

This word has many, many meanings. Athletes strain their knees, which strains the emotions of their fans. Usually, you have to strain a little to accomplish anything, like getting an A in math. A strain may also be a line, like a line of ancestry, of thought, or a melodic line in music. Maybe you have to strain to hear the quiet flute in an orchestra. Another meaning is to pass something through a filter, like tea leaves.

put/place (a) strain on something 带来巨大困难，负担，压力
strain(s) of 某一种，…的倾向,音乐的旋律

2


I need a more aggressive virus strain.

3


This is a different strain.

4


But there is a strain of hemophilia, hemophilia A, so rare that it is never tested for.

5


But it’s true, gun violence puts an enormous strain on our healthcare system and its work force.

6


This whole thing has been a terrible strain on Ellie, as you can imagine.

7


Maybe it’ll be less of a strain on you.

8


But don’t strain yourself.

9

@Chatbot 你是一个英语教学的大师，你会用通俗易懂的方式给学生讲解各类英语知识，现在请你给我解释下上面帖子中我着重讲解的单词，介绍下这些单词在正式文书和口语中的各类含义，各举几个地道，自然的例子。介绍下这些单词的来历，以及我如何才能记住这些单词呢？

10

当然，@Tristan。我会详细地解释“strain”这个单词，并提供一些例句、用法、词源及记忆方法。

单词解释

Noun (名词)

  1. 压力，重负 (Pressure, burden):

    • Formal (正式文书):
      • The financial crisis placed an enormous strain on the government budget.
      • (金融危机对政府预算造成了巨大的压力。)
    • Casual (口语):
      • Finals week puts a lot of strain on me.
      • (期末考试周给我带来了很大的压力。)

  2. 拉力，张力 (Tension):

    • Formal:
      • The cables are designed to withstand high strain.
      • (这些电缆设计成能承受高张力。)
    • Casual:
      • Don’t pull it too tight, it might break under strain.
      • (别拉得太紧了，它可能会在拉力下断裂。)

  3. 拉伤，扭伤 (Injury):

    • Formal:
      • The athlete suffered a muscle strain during the competition.
      • (运动员在比赛中肌肉拉伤了。)
    • Casual:
      • I strained my ankle while running.
      • (我跑步时扭伤了脚踝。)

  4. 株系，品种 (Variety, breed):

    • Formal:
      • Scientists have developed a new strain of wheat that is resistant to disease.
      • (科学家们培育出了一种抗病的新小麦品种。)
    • Casual:
      • This strain of apples is really sweet.
      • (这种苹果特别甜。)

  5. 音乐的旋律 (Melodic line):

    • Formal:
      • The strains of the violin filled the hall.
      • (小提琴的旋律充满了整个大厅。)
    • Casual:
      • I love the strain of that song.
      • (我喜欢那首歌的旋律。)

Verb (动词)

  1. 拉伤，损伤 (Injure):

    • Formal:
      • She strained her back lifting the heavy box.
      • (她搬重箱子时拉伤了背。)
    • Casual:
      • Don’t strain yourself lifting that.
      • (别拉伤了自己搬那个东西。)

  2. 尽力，努力 (Exert):

    • Formal:
      • The company is straining every resource to meet the deadline.
      • (公司正在尽一切资源以满足最后期限。)
    • Casual:
      • I strained to hear what he was saying.
      • (我努力听他说什么。)

  3. 过滤 (Filter):

    • Formal:
      • Strain the liquid to remove any impurities.
      • (过滤液体以去除杂质。)
    • Casual:
      • Can you strain the pasta?
      • (你能把意面滤一下吗？)

词源 (Etymology)

“Strain”来自拉丁语“stringere”，意思是“拉紧”，“绑紧”。通过古法语进入英语，词义逐渐扩展为“压力”“拉力”等。

记忆方法 (Memory Tips)

  1. 联想记忆法：

    • 想象一根绳子被拉紧（strain），你就会联想到“拉紧、压力”的意思。

  2. 情境记忆法：

    • 使用它在生活中的各种情境下，比如运动损伤、压力情境和过滤食物。

  3. 音标记忆法：

    • 通过练习音标[str eɪ n]，帮助记住词形和发音。

希望你在学习“strain”这个单词时，多练习，多用在各种情境下，记忆会更加牢固。如果还有什么问题或需要更多例句，请随时告诉我。